دانلود کتاب اطلس PET/CT قلبی آژانس بین‌المللی انرژی اتمی (IAEA): رویکرد مبتنی بر مطالعه موردی، ویرایش دوم

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death globally, with over 18 million deaths annually, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) accounting for approximately 16% of all global mortality. Despite progress in prevention and treatment, disparities persist, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Among the 17 million premature deaths (under age 70) due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), CVDs account for 37%, underscoring their impact on younger populations. Regional variations in risk factor prevalence, healthcare infrastructure, and socioeconomic conditions continue to influence outcomes. In alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 3.4, which aims to reduce premature mortality from NCDs by 30% by 2030, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) supports Member States through initiatives that strengthen medical imaging services. The Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging Section within the Division of Human Health plays a pivotal role in promoting nuclear cardiology, ensuring appropriate use, and maintaining high standards of clinical practice. Cardiac PET/CT is a powerful non-invasive imaging modality that enables accurate diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of various cardiac conditions. While SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) remains widely available and accepted, the adoption of PET/CT has been slower due to cost, limited scanner availability, and its predominant use in oncology. According to the IAEA Medical imAGIng and Nuclear Medicine global resources database (IMAGINE), over 5,600 PET/CT scanners are installed worldwide, primarily used for oncological indications. Expanding their use to cardiology requires targeted education, policy support, and increased awareness among referring physicians. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach involving cost-effectiveness analyses, industry collaboration, and tailored educational initiatives. Regional differences further influence adoption: while usage is increasing in the United States, Europe faces slower transitions from SPECT to PET due to ownership models and educational gaps. In other regions, resource constraints and funding limitations remain significant obstacles. In response to this global challenge, the IAEA continues to support Member States in strengthening nuclear cardiology services. The first edition of the IAEA Atlas of Cardiac PET/ CT: A Case-Based Approach, published in April 2022, has been downloaded over 36,000 times, reflecting its value to practitioners worldwide. This second edition builds upon that foundation, offering an expanded and updated collection of case studies that illustrate the clinical utility of cardiac PET/CT across a wide spectrum of indications. The Atlas is organized to reflect the breadth of cardiac PET/CT applications across clinical scenarios. It begins with foundational principles and artifact recognition, followed by cases addressing ischemic heart disease, coronary microvascular dysfunction, myocardial viability, heart failure, heart transplantation, inflammatory and infiltrative cardiomyopathies, infectious processes, vasculitides, and cardiotoxicity related to cancer therapies. The final chapter explores emerging directions in cardiac PET/CT, including plaque imaging and theranostic approaches.