دانلود کتابچه انگل های خارجی – کشف دارو در برابر اهداف متحرک

The attempts of humans to control the influence of ectoparasites on the health of themselves and their associated animals have been documented throughout recorded time. Within the past 100 years, we have witnessed major gains for ectoparasite control with the use of synthetic insecticides; but through time, we have found that these gains are episodic, primarily because of environmental issues and selection of drug resistance in arthropod populations. Therefore, the constant discovery of novel and safe drugs for ectoparasite control is a modern need. Volume 8 of the series Drug Discovery in Infectious Diseases provides a valuable snapshot of the timeline in the battle to control ectoparasites. The contributing authors have provided current perspectives on control of ectoparasites and transmission of agents of disease, strategies for discovery and development of drugs, and the development and potential uses of isoxazolines. Ectoparasites have impacts on human and animal health by both direct and indirect mechanisms, and the reduction of these different impacts can be achieved by approaches that are not dependent on pesticides. The control program for the New World screwworm using the area‐wide release of sterile males has been highly effective in controlling the direct impact of obligatory myiasis in North and Central America. Area‐wide programs to control the indirect effects of ectoparasites, such as using vaccines for protection against agents of vectorborne diseases like yellow fever, and controlling onchocerciasis by targeting the microfilarial populations of humans also have been effective. However, the success of these programs is based on very specific parameters that lead to narrow applications, which leaves the need for broader spectrum control methods as a top priority. The need for drug discovery for use in the control of ectoparasites of humans and animals will continue to be a major factor in the preservation of human and animal health. The One Health approach considers the facts that these entities cannot be separated and will only become more important due to global changes in the environment, as well as human population growth and movement. The majority of vector‐borne human diseases have zoonotic cycles which can be affected by the effective use of ectoparasite control. Even for anthroponoses such as malaria and visceral leishmaniasis, zoonotic blood sources maintain many species of potential vectors of pathogens that are drivers of major causes of death in humans. Ectoparasites do truly represent a moving target for control efforts relative to population density and susceptibility. The timely and rational use of extant and novel drugs against these moving targets and upon a changing global stage can provide leverage for humans in our race against ectoparasites, as long as the discovery and development of new and effective drugs can maintain the pace.