دانلود کتاب سیستم های آنتن هوشمند برای فناوری های 5G، رادار، ناوبری و ماهواره

With the development of wireless broadband technologies, the most relevant is the use of new 5G data transmission standards. To implement this technology, it is necessary to use a broadband signal with a sufficient coverage area for a larger number of users. One of the key parameters of these cells is the formation of multi-beam radiation patterns, including using MIMO technology, which is implemented only with the use of highly efficient antenna systems. Therefore, this project is aimed at developing a prototype of a SMART antenna, which is part of 5G base stations. Providing modern communication services in various spheres and areas of state life is one of the main tasks of telecommunications companies, structural divisions, and law enforcement agencies of the country. One of the most widely used means in public communication systems is broadband wireless access radio facility. It is implemented on Wi-Fi radio relay facilities (2.4– 2.5 GHz), used as part of various communication nodes to form geographically distributed broadband wireless access networks. A phased antenna array with microstrip emitters is used as an antenna device. The relevance of the issue is as follows: broadband wireless access radio facilities in various law enforcement and other departments are often used to build communication systems in crisis situations. Since these systems are deployed on the basis of previously existing networks and communication systems, there is a need to adapt them to the existing electromagnetic environment. The 2.4–2.5 GHz range is quite sensitive to interference from other radiation sources located on the ground, and this leads to a deterioration in communication quality. This problem can be solved by using scanning antennas that can avoid interference introduced into the communication channel. The use of phased antenna arrays for constructing scanning antennas allows for high-speed space scanning and timely determination of directions to all radiation sources, both authorized and unauthorized radiation. An unauthorized radiation source is a source that violates access control rules and interferes with the communication channel with its radiation. These sources are capable of suppressing useful signals and creating interference for radio equipment operating in a given frequency range, which can significantly degrade the quality of services provided when performing tasks on communications planning and provision. One of the main tasks in communications planning and organization is to assess the electromagnetic environment and ensure electromagnetic compatibility of radio equipment located on a site, including the presence of radiation sources that can have a negative impact on the performance of tasks. The main characteristics of phased antenna arrays are: scanning range, antenna gain, operating frequency band, radiation field polarization, directivity, and energy characteristics. In this case, this type of antennas may differ from each other in the type of antenna array, in the arrangement of the emitters relative to each other, in the type of emitter used, in the method of excitation or power supply of the emitters, as well as in the method of ensuring the scanning mode. To combat interference, it is necessary to take special measures aimed at reducing the loss of information during its transmission over radio communication channels. The main methods of combating interference include the following: reducing the level of interference in the receiver passband; increasing the signal energy; optimal signal processing in the receiver; choosing the optimal signal structure; using complex signals; coding signals in order to increase their noise immunity; using various compensation methods, including antenna compensators. Taking into account the above factors, it is necessary to develop such antenna systems that will meet modern and necessary requirements for wireless and satellite antenna devices. High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) is undoubtedly one of the most popular software packages for scientific research and engineering calculations. This is proven not only by the huge number of users around the world, but also by many different extensions and additions. With the release of the HFSS package, the capabilities of Matlab have become even richer. Many antenna and waveguide engineering tasks can now be solved in a single software environment without involving third-party applications. The results of modeling antenna and waveguide devices no longer need to be exported and reformatted for further processing, and thanks to the advanced functionality of HFSS, highly effective calculation and research tools become available. This monograph is devoted to modeling antenna and waveguide devices for wireless and satellite communication systems; it can be useful both for those who are just beginning to study the theory of antenna and waveguide engineering, and for an experienced scientific and technical researcher who wants to get acquainted with new possibilities in this area. The monograph is written for specialists in the field of radio engineering and telecommunications, as well as antenna technology. Some issues may be of interest to mathematicians, which will contribute to the further development of mathematical methods. It is known that any technology is best learned through practical examples. Therefore, most of the monograph is devoted to the analysis of specific examples of mathematical modeling of electromagnetic fields of antenna devices in radio engineering and telecommunications. While working on the book, the author discussed emerging issues with specialists from the Department of Automation, Telecommunications, and Energy of the Baku Engineering University, as well as with specialists from the National Aerospace Agency (NASA) of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the National Defense University. The author is grateful to all specialists from the above-mentioned institutions for their valuable, fundamental, and friendly comments, which contributed to improving the content of the monograph.