دانلود کتاب تخریب الاستومرها در عمل، آزمایش‌ها و مدل‌سازی

Elastomers are subject to degradation of rubber properties over time due to mechanical stress, friction processes, and a number of other external factors such as exposure to light, oxygen (ozone), and heat. The molecular changes caused by these environmental conditions can significantly impair the mechanical properties and thus the service life of rubber products such as tires, seals, O-rings, bushing elements, conveyor belts, shoes as well as body implants. The changes of rubber material properties are also well known to every car driver, bicyclist, or even pedestrians as well as users of kitchen aid appliances such as capsule coffee machines. Abrasion is obviously an environmental problem that has only been studied more systematically in recent years, but is becoming considerably more important in the emerging era of climate change and the current energy and raw materials crisis. This book provides up-to-date research results on identifying and quantifying the abundance of tire wear particles in the different environmental compartments, and on determining their toxicity and reducing their environmental emission and immission (Giere´ et al.). Oxidative and thermal aging of rubber is accelerated by stress and reactive gases such as ozone. The addition of antioxidants, UV stabilizers, and anti-ozonates can slow or prevent these problems. However, the basic processes of rubber friction and tribology, internal material fatigue, and structural thermo-oxidative controlled changes in the material rubber, which cause and accompany the deterioration of the material, are extremely complex and partly not understood. One aim of this book is to provide an up-to-date overview of certain systematic studies on abrasion and wear phenomena and thermo-oxidative aging phenomena. This includes physical, fracture-mechanical, tribological, chemical, and physicochemical aspects, as well as the question of which new laboratory test methods provide good correlations to practice, and how modern cross-scale simulation methods promote understanding and enable predictions.