دانلود کتاب ممنوع – دریافت محکومیت سلاح‌های هسته‌ای توسط پاپ فرانسیس

In choosing Francis as his papal name, Jorge Mario Bergoglio identified an agenda he hoped to take from the poor man of Assisi: to embrace the poor, care for the planet, and foster peace among the peoples of Earth. From the beginning his devotion to the poor, refugees, migrants, and the homeless was evident. The depth of his commitment to the environment came to public view in his encyclical Laudato si’ (On Care of Our Common Home) and in the seven-year program the Vatican has undertaken to implement it. Though less dramatic, Pope Francis’s commitment to peace has blazed new paths, especially in relations with the Muslim world. He joined in a compact of tolerance with Muslim leaders in the Persian Gulf and visited Iraq to affirm its people as they attempted to rebuild their country after twenty years of war. In an achievement that eluded his predecessors, Pope Francis concluded an agreement with China on the appointment of bishops. Less well known has been his support for nuclear disarmament. In 2017, the Holy See was among the first states to sign and ratify the United Nations Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. At a Vatican symposium that November, Pope Francis condemned the possession, threat to use, and use of nuclear weapons. In the wake of the condemnation, skeptics asked, what does he expect? Should officers resign their commissions? Should missile personnel become selective conscientious objectors?5 Can states abandon their nuclear arsenals? After all, once invented, the weapons’ defenders object, nuclear explosives cannot be uninvented. Forbidden: Receiving Pope Francis’s Condemnation of Nuclear Weapons addresses the question of what we should do in response to the papal condemnation. The book attempts to provide background and guidance for those—including citizens of nuclear-armed states and their allies— for whom the papal condemnation presents challenging vocational and civic choices. These include political leaders, military professionals, weapons scientists, and defense intellectuals. The book is also intended as a resource for pastoral workers who are asked to accompany women and men in making these moral choices: pastors, preachers, pastoral counselors, spiritual directors, and teachers who share Catholic social teaching with the community of faith and the broader public. The question is “What shall I do?”—or “What shall we do together?”— rather than the expected and speciously more exacting question “What must I do?” The reasons are threefold. First, Pope Francis’s teaching, in keeping with the Second Vatican Council, is an invitation to action to change the world, specifically to participate in the nuclear disarmament movement. It is not a matter of keeping oneself from having “dirty hands.” Rather, it is a call to respond to an urgent sign of the times, one that has been on the Catholic social policy agenda from the time of Pope Saint John XXIII sixty years ago. Second, nuclear disarmament is a personal call. God prompts individuals and sometimes groups in a personal way, asking them to find ways appropriate to their own situations and personal gifts to contribute to the elimination of nuclear weapons. Third, eliminating nuclear weapons is a duty incumbent upon us all, especially if we are citizens of nuclear weapons–armed states or an alliance in which nuclear weapons are central to national defense policy. No doubt, there is a strong element of duty in the papal condemnation. But “oughts” do not exhaust the experience of conscience. Pope Francis’s moral pedagogy focuses on the greater good, on what God calls us to do for the sake of the common good, in this case abolishing nuclear weapons and the threat of nuclear war. The pope’s condemnation places less emphasis on minimal obligations than on traditional approaches to what I must do to avoid grave sin. This is a morality for adults who take responsibility, in keeping with the Second Vatican Council, for their own lives, the direction of their own societies, and especially use of the technologies they have developed.