Building blocks
This chapter sets the stage for the remainder of the book. Section 1.2 provides an overview of the ethics of spying in classical moral and political thought. Section 1.3 examines three possible approaches to espionage: (a) the dirty-hands approach, which sees espionage as a necessary evil; (b) the contractarian view that espionage is best defended by appeal to normative conventions to which all agree; and (c) the view that the most fruitful way to construct an ethics of espionage is through the lenses of just war theory. None of those approaches are fully satisfactory, though they provide building blocks for my own. Section 1.4 sets out the normative principles on which the book rests.
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