In order to achieve sustainable development, the concepts and tools of “footprint family” such as ecological footprint, carbon footprint, water footprint, nitrogen footprint and life cycle assessment have been widely used for measuring environmental impacts from different perspectives.However, it lacks such a book which can systematically and comprehensively introduce the concepts and tools of “footprint family” and illustrate the methods for determining the ecological footprint, carbon footprint, water footprint, nitrogen footprint, etc. This book aims to present various methods for determining the ecological footprint, carbon footprint, water footprint and nitrogen footprint and to illustrate these methodologies through various applications.
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