دانلود کتاب بدخیمی های سینوازال و قاعده جمجمه

Malignancies of the skull base and paranasal sinuses are relatively rare, and are heterogeneous in histology and clinical behavior. They account for 3–5% of all cancers affecting the head and neck and less than 1% of all malignant tumors. Nasal and paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinomas account for 3% of all malignancies of the head and neck area and present challenges in diagnosis and management. Given the histologic and anatomic heterogeneity of the disease and its low incidence, tangible improvement in therapeutic modalities has been lacking. Despite the often devastating and disfiguring nature of these tumors, little or no advances have been made in their treatment over the past decades; the current treatment approach for locally advanced disease typically involves surgical resection and radiation therapy, with the addition of chemotherapy in some cases depending on the tumor histology, location, as well as the managing institution. A multidisciplinary approach is often needed in the diagnosis, work up, and management, begging the need for a detailed reference of the currently accepted standard approaches. Specialists involved in treating these tumors include, in addition to otolaryngologist- head and neck surgeons, reconstructive surgeons, neuroradiologists, specialized head and neck pathologists, prosthodontists, and speech and swallow therapists, as well as medical and radiation oncologists. An individualized approach to treatment is advocated, and depending on the case, an ophthalmologist, neurosurgeon, social worker, as well as advanced-nursing support are often needed. Despite these limitations, there has been a noted surge in exploring novel therapeutic approaches in medical, surgical, and radiation therapy, adding importance to detailing these advances.