دانلود کتاب داده‌های هسته‌ای – کاربردها در جامعه و صنعت

Nuclear physics—the discipline that focuses on the properties and interactions of the atomic nucleus—is a mature field where a great deal of understanding has been accumulated over the last century. The applications of nuclear physics to industry and society are wide ranging and impactful in areas as diverse as energy generation and healthcare. Our ability to safely and efficiently exploit such nuclear applications, however, is founded in a detailed knowledge of nuclear data. Nuclear data can mean many things in this context from basic properties of a given isotope such as its halflife and decay modes, to the cross section (or energy-dependent probability) for different nuclear reactions. This book sets out to shine a light on this often underappreciated domain of nuclear data. In doing so, it will focus on a range of different industrial and societal applications, starting with the emerging domain of nuclear fusion before discussing several different aspects where nuclear data are important to nuclear fission energy and the nuclear fuel cycle. Lastly, the book will cover topics related to medical isotope production. The book opens with an introduction to key topics in nuclear structure, nuclear reaction theory and nuclear data evaluation which underpin the other chapters. This material is pitched at a relatively high level but extensive references are provided throughout allowing the reader to drill into particular topics in more detail. This book would not have been possible without the contribution of colleagues working across both pure and applied nuclear physics. Having such a diversity of inputs allows us to approach the same material from different perspectives. In addition, the majority of the contributors to this book are based in the United Kingdom. This naturally provides a particular focus for the topics presented here. It also reflects the long-standing heritage of nuclear physics and its applications in the UK; key milestones of which include Rutherford’s experiments in Manchester which led to the hypothesis of the existence of the nucleus of the atom in 1911, and the opening of the world’s first fission reactor for energy generation at Calder Hall in 1956. The hope is that this book will allow postgraduate and advanced undergraduate students to gain an appreciation of how the nuclear physics they learn is applied to real world applications. In addition, this book will be invaluable to those starting work in any industrial or medical setting where their work will concern nuclear data.