دانلود کتاب عوامل رونویسی برای تحمل استرس بیوتیک در گیاهان

With the erratic changes in climate, crop plants are facing many forms of biotic stresses. Employing genetic resistance in their management is the most economical, effective, and eco-friendly approach. However, limited genetic variation in the gene pool is hindering the rapid progress in the field of plant genetic resistance. Moreover, major resistance genes are knocked-down due to continuous evolution of novel virulent races/biotypes. Therefore, the concept of durable resistance is ever lasting since ages in management of biotic stresses. Under natural conditions, plants face different biotic and abiotic stresses simultaneously. Therefore, broad spectrum resistance and resistance against multiple stress forms can be of prime focus to combat economic yield losses. When plants are under stress, among several gene families, regulatory genes play a vital role in signal transduction in modulating the expression of genes underpinning several defense pathways, and targeting regula­tory proteins (viz, transcription factors (TFs)) can be the alternative. Transcription factors directly regulate the downstream R genes and are excellent candidates for disease resistance breeding. Till date, numerous transcription factors have been identified and characterized structurally and functionally. Of them, TF families, such as WRKY, NAC, Whirly, Apetala2 (AP2), and ethylene responsive elements (ERF), are found to be associated with transcriptional reprogramming of plant defense response. These TFs are responsive to the pathogen’s PAMPs/DAMPs – host’s PRR protein interactions, and specifically bind to the cis-elements of defense genes and regulate their expression. With this background, realizing the importance of TFs in resistance breeding, current book has been proposed.