دانلود کتاب تمرکز بر سالمندی اروپا، مواجهه با ریسک‌های بازنشستگی و بودجه‌ای

In this report, the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) argues that the ageing of the European Union should feature more prominently on the political and policy agenda. Although this study focuses on the position of the Netherlands within an ageing European Union, broader lessons can be drawn from the analysis, for the EU as a whole and for other member states. In a Union that is increasingly economically and politically integrated, what happens in a member state directly affects other member states. In other words, ageing in one country can also pose a challenge for other countries. This study focuses on the overspill effect of ageing across national borders, particularly focusing on variation in demography and pension systems across EU member states. While the exact effects cannot be predicted, financial and budgetary risks exist for the European Union as a whole and for the Netherlands. These risks include rising European public debts and tax burdens, diverging European economies, deterioration of public services, impoverishment of older people and upward pressure on inflation. The WRR therefore argues that Europe and the Netherlands should (1) anticipate an ageing European Union, (2) steer at EU level towards ageing-resilient socio-economic and pension policies and (3) protect themselves against possible negative consequences of European ageing, including at the national level. This is important because challenges in the field of pensions and ageing can lead to political, economic and social tensions within the EU and the eurozone. However, by taking timely measures, potential tensions can be addressed. Higher labour force participation makes European economies and societies more resilient to ageing. Policy at European and national level should therefore stimulate and facilitate people to remain active as much as possible. This report was prepared by a project group consisting of Prof. Dr. Mr. Catrien Bijleveld (council member), Dr. Roel Jennissen (staff member), Dr. Laura Vonk (staff member), Prof. Dr. Casper de Vries (council member and project chair) and Dr. Gijsbert Werner (project coordinator). Temporarily attached to the project group were Milian Bachem (staff member), Floor Goris (intern), Rick Leijsen (intern), Matties van Reenen (intern) and Teun Toonen (intern). Essential support was provided by Dmitri Berkhout, Caroline Buser, Mitra Javanmardi and Magda de Wit. European Ageing in Focus. Managing Pension and Budgetary Risks was written on the basis of an analysis of the scientific literature and policy documents, discussions with experts and calculations by the WRR. As a background study to this report, a working paper written by Floor Goris and Gijsbert Werner titled ‘Influences of European policy coordination on national pension reforms’ was published. This is available online on the WRR website. The analysis in the working paper forms the basis for part of the discussion in chapter five of this report. The text of this report in the original Dutch version was submitted for review to Yvonne Adema, Ivo Arnold, Arnoud Boot, Casper van Ewijk, Charles Kalshoven, Thijs Knaap, Sebastiaan Princen and Olaf Sleijpen. We thank them for their valuable suggestions.