Natural fiber-based composites have made significant progress in recent decades due to their environmental friendliness, lightweight, and low cost. While there are numerous sources of natural fibers, this chapter focuses on bast fibers because they possess desirable characteristics for a variety of applications. These fibers are derived from the phloem that surrounds the stems of fibrous plants, primarily dicotyledonous. Bast fibers’ qualities are regulated by environmental condi-tions, maturity, extraction method, and processing. This chapter discusses various aspects of different types of bast fibers, their physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, and their applications in a variety of fields, intending to promote their use in advanced technology sectors.
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