دانلود کتاب زنان در مددکاری اجتماعی

The aim of focusing on the position of women in social work1860-1971 is to introduce a further degree of clarity and under-standing of the social processes activated when a society is facedby social problems of the kind existing in England and Wales duringthat period. These problems arose from three related basic forcesin British society: increasing population, industrialisation, andurbanisation. In 1801 the population was just under nine million;by 1851 it had increased to almost eighteen million reaching thirty-two million in 1901. By the mid-nineteenth century half the popula-tion was living in urban areas, rising to four-fifths of the populationa century later. In 1851 agriculture occupied 25 per cent of malesaged twenty and over but this had dropped to 10 per cent by 1900.There was vast social disorganisation resulting from this powerfulpopulation explosion and the process of establishing modern indus-trial capitalism in the spreading cities. To cope with the nightmarishresults entailed the creation and articulation of new systems ofgovernment agencies to replace inadequate institutions which hadserved a rapidly passing age. Public health and education werethe earliest functions to be recognised as public responsibility copedwith through ad hoc boards. Later came the restructuring of localgovernment to match the shifts in population and the problemsaccompanying them.