Target-based drug discovery tools have been used with success in the pharmaceutical industry. They have become the fundamental methodologies for discovering new drugs in recent years, with two main advantages over the traditional methodologies: increased speed and greater economic efficiency. Improved computational capacities and new software packages have allowed the diversification and strengthening of these procedures. This chapter describes the main concepts related to target-based drug discovery, including two key steps—target and binding site identification—as well as the main features and limitations of the most common target-based methodologies: de novo drug discovery, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics.
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