دانلود کتاب فارماکولوژی متراکم DALE’S

Pharmacology Condensed has been written as a companion volume to Rang and Dale’s Pharmacology. Each theme has been condensed to a few pages to enable students to retrieve the most pertinent concepts and facts quickly. We consider an understanding of pharmacology is best gained by appreciating the integrative nature of body systems, and thus we have arranged the chapters here to represent this learning context that is nicely represented in further detail in Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology and Integrated Pharmacology by Page et al. As such, chapter headings, and some figures and tables, where pertinent, have been utilized from these textbooks to make their cross-reference obvious and intentional. We have made some minor changes to this edition to highlight at the front of the book the processes a research team has undertaken to discover and develop a drug. We have also highlighted the safety and toxicology assessment of any new drug, regulatory law, and pharmacovigilance once approved. By doing this we hope the reader understands that pharmacology is a dynamic, live discipline and the application of the principles of pharmacology are requisite to the continued successful introduction of efficacious and safe drugs for use as medicines. This occurs through the continual challenge of predicting drug tolerability via the prism of the therapeutic index. Any research into the number of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals for novel chemical entities and biologicals over the last 25 years will prove to the reader that this period of drug discovery is as buoyant and exciting as any time preceding it. Biologicals, and specifically antibodies, are a very important and expanding therapeutic consideration and therefore a topic that pharmacologists must embrace so that the characteristics of these molecules can be predicted and assessed just as small chemical entities are. We have given the subject of antibody discovery and development the same prominence at the front of the textbook (rather than the back) as that of traditional small molecules, especially given the expansion of biologics from inflammatory and autoimmune disorders to cancer therapy and beyond: for example, the current interest in inflammation and neurodegeneration, or the worrying issue of increased antibiotic resistance. A pharmacologist in the twenty-first century therefore needs to understand immunology and antibody design to the same extent that pharmacologists are knowledgeable about physiology and drug actions on the nervous system. Pharmacology is an applied discipline that has mathematical principles based on the physics of molecular interactions (the Hill- Langmuir equation) at the core. We encourage readers of this book to remember that whilst pharmacology, as a biological subject, is based on experimentation via scientific method to observe actions, the concepts and predictive qualities are based firmly on logic, and to embrace this will serve to improve understanding of receptor theory (molecular physics), signalling processes (functional selectivity and biased agonism), and modelling of tissue and whole body integrated responses (quorum sensing of cell populations). As with the previous edition of Pharmacology Condensed, our aim is to pinpoint the essential aspects of pharmacology in a precise manner so that the reader has the confidence to recall or research more detailed material. This approach might be useful for anyone preparing for examinations, or for scientists in need of reprisal of distant and forgotten topics.