دانلود کتاب برنامه های پیشگیری از آسیب و خشونت مبتنی بر بیمارستان

The critical importance of injury prevention is highlighted by the simple fact that more than half of trauma-related deaths occur within minutes of injury, and there are no treatments that can improve survival for these patients. Injuries are not acci­dents—they are understandable and predictable events that have defined and pre­ventable causes. Prevention is the vaccine for the disease we know as “injury.” Like infectious diseases, injury requires a vector for transmission, has proximate causes, and is impacted by social determinants. Injury can spread in a community the way an infection does and become endemic within that community.

Injury represents a major public health problem in the USA and worldwide, it should be addressed the same way we have successfully addressed other major pub­lic health problems. This seems intuitive, but for the acute care clinicians in trauma centers who manage one injured patient over a finite period, it unfortunately is not. However, if our trauma centers are to effectively address the needs of their patients and the communities they serve, as is their mission, it is important that they take a public health approach that addresses the risk of injury upstream the way it does for diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke.

The American College of Surgery Committee on Trauma (ACS COT) recog­nized this three decades ago and codified the concept of a hospital-based injury prevention program with a program coordinator. With the publication of the Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient: 1993, ACS COT, this document, which establishes the necessary resources of trauma centers at all levels, estab­lished injury prevention programs as a mandatory resource that each trauma center must have. However, little guidance or structure was provided regarding develop­ment, implementation, or monitoring of effectiveness of this injury prevention pro­gram requirement.

Despite this lack of direction, hospital-based injury and violence prevention (HIVP) programs have evolved with subsequent editions of Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient in 1999, 2006, and 2014. In the current 2022 iteration of Resources for the Optimal Care of the Injured Patient, all ACS verified trauma cen­ters are required to have a designated injury prevention professional, to prioritize injury prevention work based on local injury trends, and to implement at least two clearly defined injury prevention activities in collaboration with community part­ners during each verification cycle. This evolution has led to the establishment of several model HIVP programs nationally. These programs are not only effectively integrated within the trauma center’s administrative and clinical activities but also the injury and violence prevention activities of the communities their healthcare systems serve and regional or state trauma systems in which they participate. The efforts of these programs, when sustained, have been validated to successfully reduce the burden of injury.

Yet, this development of effective HIVP programs has often been sporadic and hampered by lack of administrative, resources, and financial support, and the COVID-19 pandemic most recently. Furthermore, the professionals tasked with managing these programs often have clinical backgrounds and lack training in the fundamental public health concepts of injury prevention. In response to these issues, several professional organizations have made significant efforts, both individually and collaboratively, to address the needs of these HIVP professionals and programs. As a benefit of these efforts, model programs and educational opportunities in HIVP have been identified and disseminated.

It is with this background that we have endeavored to enlist thought leaders in this field to provide their insight and perspectives regarding the development and implementation of effective HIVP programs. This effort has yielded this unique offering, titled “Hospital-based Injury and Violence Prevention Programs: The Guide for All Trauma Center Professionals.” The public health principles set forth within this book’s chapters are deliberative, time-tested, and, where possible, vali­dated. Its publication marks the first book of its kind that specifically addresses the needs of those who work diligently and passionately to achieve “immunity” from preventable injury within the communities they serve, our HIVP professionals. We and the authors, thank you for your interest in this offering, and encourage and value your feedback on the content contained within.