دانلود کتاب دینامیک جریانات و امواج سطحی آب

Evaporation of seawater owing to solar radiation creates ascending air cur- rent, which varies local atmospheric pressure that causes winds. The winds generate ocean waves and current as a result of momentum transfer from air to ocean. Waves travel over ocean through various interactions with currents and bathymetry and arrive at shoaling coastal water where the long travel culminates in wave breaking. The wave breaking dissipates the wave energy and produces a huge number of air bubbles, entrained in coastal water, and sea spray dispersed in the air. While the air bubbles dissolving gas into sea- water contribute to managing the ecosystem in the ocean, sea spray enhances evaporation and inuences weather system through moisture and heat trans- fers. Ocean waves have important roles to maintain the global water cycle and environment. This book is designed for theoretically understanding various aspects of sea waves over the lifetime. While the established linear potential wave theory well describes the evolution of waves in the normal state, multidisciplinary understandings of uid dynamics are required to interpret the _nal stage of the lifetimes of waves, wave breaking, which causes a variety of physical processes. Fundamental theories and their interconnections over the diverse subjects, such as turbulence, vorticity dynamics, capillary dynamics, thermal mechanics, di_usion theory, multi-phase ow analysis, and stability analysis, are compiled in this book with the aim to enhance comprehensive understand- ing of uid mechanics associated with water surface ows and waves.