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This book covers fundamentals on the combustion and exhaust gas emissions of biogas-fueled gas engines. Today, internal combustion engines for power generation are very common, using fossil fuels such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and natural gas. However, the carbon dioxide emitted from these engines will be limited in the future to prevent global warming. Therefore, we need to use green fuels in the future. Biogas is considered to be a renewable source of energy. Biogas can be produced by anaerobic digestion process from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, raw garbage, food waste, etc. It can also be used as a renewable energy source for the future, and will be very effective in helping to prevent global warming. Biogas is a mixture of gases consisting mainly of methane and carbon dioxide, the ratio of which depends on the feedstock used for anaerobic digestion and the method of upgrading. The lower the percentage of carbon dioxide, the closer the fuel’s properties are to natural gas. Internal combustion engines will never be gradually discontinued, on the contrary, they will be viable in the future as long as green fuels are used. In terms of energy conversion, engine systems have tremendous potential if they can be used for both the generation of electricity and production of heat from chemical energy sources. The purpose of this book is to introduce to a reader the existing research on combustion and exhaust gas emissions for both biogas spark ignition engines and biogas dual-fuel engines. The book also describes several advanced combustion techniques to improve the thermal efficiency of engines, which could be directly applied to biogas engines.We hope that this book will be of interest to scientific researchers, professors, graduate students, and practicing engineers.