The Thüringen Forest, in east-central Germany, has a tradition of metalware production; many small forges and workshops grew up around Suhl, Zella St. Blasii, Mehlis, Wasungen, Schmalkalden and other settlements. The firearms industry in Suhl, its importance steadily growing, received a guild charter in 1563. Although a terrible fire in 1590 destroyed property, took lives and impaired trade sufficiently badly to influence a 1593 concordat with the rival guilds in neighbouring Zella St. Blasii and Mehlis, Suhl’s workshops were speedily rebuilt. Suhl was sacked during the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48) and rebuilding began again. ‘Quality’ guns began to appear alongside the plain matchlocks that had previously predominated and gun-barrel proof – inaugurated in 1665 – finally legitimized unofficial view and proof activities that had been undertaken for many years.
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