دانلود کتاب عصب شناسی نوزاد ولپ، ویرایش هفتم

The 40 years since the publication of the first edition of this book have witnessed a remarkable evolution of the discipline of the neurology of the newborn. In 1981, when the first edition was published, in the preface I expressed a sense of a “new frontier” to be pioneered. Currently, articles on neonatal neurology are abundant in the major clinical journals in the fields of pediatrics, neurology, neonatology, perinatology, and obstetrics, among others, and in multiple scientific journals of the many neurobiological disciplines. Moreover, annual meetings of scientific societies in these fields are replete with clinical studies and clinical and basic research on the neurology of the newborn. Thus venturing into the new frontier sensed in 1981 has led to an extraordinarily exciting discipline and, perhaps most importantly, to the promise of effective interventions to prevent or ameliorate neurological disability in our neonatal patients. As with previous editions, this book is intended for a broad audience, from the most highly specialized neonatal physicians to those with a broader, more general perspective. This breadth of focus creates challenges in writing. We have avoided presenting a compendium of disembodied facts and, rather, have attempted to create a scaffold of principles upon which the ever-expanding corpus of relevant information is added. A particular effort has been exerted to bring the latest science into the clinical setting, with a special emphasis on translating new knowledge to the infant’s bedside. To facilitate the fundamental messaging throughout the book, we have made liberal use of tables and boxes to synthesize major points. The great illustrative value of figures, in the form of flow diagrams, key experimental findings, clinical and pathological specimens, and all types of state-of-the-art neuroimaging, is emphasized in every chapter. Approximately 1000 figures are presented in this edition. The explosion of new knowledge from the study of the newborn is reflected in the citation of more than 17,000 references. Although they are numbered consecutively in the text, the reference list in the print edition contains only the most recent citations, but all are contained in the list in the online edition. The organization of the book is similar to that of the sixth edition, but with an addition of five chapters, for a total of 43. The chapters are presented in 14 units. Unit I contains eight chapters that address human brain development and the disorders that present when this development is disturbed. Molecular genetics, advanced imaging, and modern-day neuropathological and neuroembryological studies have greatly advanced this area. Unit II, new to this edition, contains three chapters that address fetal neurology and illustrate the importance of understanding and investigating the maternal-fetal origins of neonatal disease. The third unit, concerning the neurological evaluation, describes new methodologies to study the newborn brain, including advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. A new chapter on neurodevelopmental follow-up has been added to this unit. The fourth unit focuses entirely on neonatal seizures and has been expanded significantly. This unit serves as an effective bridge to the subsequent disease-focused units. Unit V, the largest in the book, consists of 10 chapters and addresses the critical area of hypoxic-ischemic and related disorders, especially those involving systemic/neuroinflammation. Each of these chapters has been updated and revised accordingly. A new chapter on inflammation has been added to this unit. Unit VI addresses intracranial hemorrhage and involves three chapters. Major advances in the study of intraventricular hemorrhage, posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, cerebellar hemorrhage, and new MRI-delineated lesions (for example, subpial hemorrhage) are emphasized. Unit VII addresses metabolic encephalopathies, involving particularly glucose, bilirubin, and amino acid and organic acid metabolism. New insights into molecular genetics, pathogenetic mechanisms, and management are highlighted. Unit VIII comprises a single chapter on degenerative disorders. Emphasis is placed on major insights provided by molecular genetics and advances in therapies. Unit IX addresses neuromuscular disorders. The four chapters in this unit are notably comprehensive and emphasize recent advances in diagnosis by molecular genetics and in treatment. Unit X on intracranial infections includes chapters on viral, protozoan, and related intracranial infections and on bacterial and fungal infections. These two chapters have been greatly expanded. Unit XI focuses on perinatal trauma and a wide variety of injuries involving intracranial structures, the spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.