دانلود کتاب تاریخچه شورای هنر ایرلند شمالی، 1943-2016

During the Second World War in the United Kingdom, the government showed how the arts could participate in the war effort.1 By 1946, the British state had integrated the arts world into its remit and created a new model of public support of the arts with the creation by Royal Charter of the Arts Council of Great Britain (ACGB).2 John Maynard Keynes had been its champion before his death in 1946: the advent of the welfare state had to incorporate some state support to the arts. Yet totalitarian states such as Nazi Germany and the USSR were counter-models to be avoided. The model of the ACGB was then a novelty, as shown by the typology developed by Harry Hillman Chartrand and Claire McCaughey.3 According to them, there are four different types of relations, depending on the degree of direct support and supervi-sion provided by the state, which can act as a “facilitator”, a “patron”, an “architect” or an “engineer”. A facilitator state (the United States for example) does not subsidise the arts directly, but encourages private donations through tax exemptions.