دانلود کتاب مبانی بیولوژیکی مشاهدات بالینی

Medical science has been fghting for many years against three enemies: aging, disease and ignorance.
On the face of it, aging is inevitable, but science is making progress in creating health¬ier and disease-free elderly. There is no reason why aging must always result in ill-health. The goal is to have a healthy and happy life, even if you live beyond 90 years of age!
Fighting disease has always been the main thrust of medical research, and there have been successes in both treatment and prevention of disease. This will continue with increasing pace as a result of advances in many areas, notably genetics, pharmacology, diagnostics, vaccinations, epidemiology and, perhaps surprisingly, computing science, artifcial intelligence and robotics. There are still many hurdles to overcome, especially in cancer medicine, neurological and genetic conditions and viral pandemics to mention just a few.
Ignorance is still a major problem. What we know about the health risks linked to smoking, illicit drugs and obesity should be enough to prevent these conditions from ever happening again. But there are still many smokers and illicit drug takers and the popula¬tion generally, especially in the west, is gradually increasing in weight. There are also specifc problems that arise, such as vaccine deniers and pandemic conspiracy theorists who set up barriers to promoting health. Over the years political actions, such as banning smoking in restaurants, have helped to make advances in health promotion. Maybe there is a case for putting health science on the school curriculum from an early age.
Biological studies are a major part of any healthcare training programme because the sciences are vital for working as an autonomous practitioner. The client’s problems will be affecting a biological system, and the assessment and treatment will have a biological basis.
Medical sciences have never seen such a remarkable food of new knowledge as we are seeing today, knowledge that is already changing the way we treat disease. If healthcare professionals are going to remain at the front of this revolution, they must be familiar with the sciences and technologies that underpin the changing face of the care they give.
Clinical decision-making is based on accurate observations. A thorough understanding of the underpinning sciences is essential to broaden the number of choices available and to facilitate making the correct choice.
This book takes clinical observations and explores the biology underpinning them. It gives the possible pathological basis for variations in the observed results. It looks at both fundamental and advanced observations, e.g. neurological observations. This book will
also be of use to educators and trained professionals with students under their leadership. The fourth edition has been updated with new information on many topics, including signs of a patient’s deteriorating condition (red-fag tables) and an expanded pharmacol¬ogy chapter, with drug tables added to several chapters.