دانلود کتاب انرژی های تجدید پذیر از منابع زیستی در مالزی

This book focuses on the current activities and research in Malaysia related to the conversion of bio-resources to renewable energy and biofuel Muhammad Anas Nagoor Gunny et al. reported that Malaysia has strengthened its commitment to increase carbon-neutral energy sources and recently upgraded its renewable energy target in the country (Chapter “Current Status of Renewable Energy Development”). Saleha Shamsudin et al. have provided the overview of solid biomass generated in Malaysia by various sectors in Chapter “Characteristics and Potential of Renewable Bioresources”. The agriculture sector, which includes oil palm, rice, sago, and other crops, is the largest provider of biomass. In terms of government aid, sustainability certification system, logistical and technological viability, this chapter analyses the possibilities and constraints of biomass as a feedstock for renewable energy use in Malaysia. Muhammad Najib Ikhmal Mohd Sabri et al. have extended the adoption of environmentally friendly technology for the pre-treatment of bio-resources (Chapter “Different Types of Pre-Treatments for Renewable Bioresources”). The biomass pre-treatment is crucial since the conversion processes contribute to the efficiency of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) generation. Then, the emerging of thermochemical processes technology for bioresource pre-treatment is further discussed by Khairudin Md Isa’s research team (Chapter “Technologies for Biomass Thermochemical Conversion”). Direct combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, and liquefaction are examples of thermochemical conversion processes that are viewed as potential for renewable energy sources. This opens the possibility of using the thermochemical conversion pathway to transform biomass into a lucrative liquid product. The abundant of biomass in Malaysia is a fortune future for the country since the production of bioethanol could be an alternative to the declining of petroleum reserves, and when it is mixed with gasoline, it could behave as a clean fuel. Chapter “Bioethanol as a Potential Renewable Energy” authored by Ku Syahida Ku Ismail addresses the raw materials and procedures of how bioethanol could be a transportation fuel. It also goes over the various bioethanol production technologies as well as potential microorganisms in general. Furthermore, Malaysia’s bio-resources can be used to make a variety of biofuels, including biobutanol, a four-carbon alcohol with remarkable properties like gasoline. The research team led by Hafiza Shukor described the issues and solutions linked to the development of biobutanol production (Chapter “Bioconversion ofMalaysia Renewable Energy Resources to Biobutanol”). Overall, this chapter will provide a clearer picture of the present state of biobutanol production inMalaysia using renewable resources.Through the findings fromAhmad Hafiidz Mohammad Fauzi et al., Chapter “Recent Progress of Biodiesel Production” focuses on theMalaysian biodiesel situation, including the present biodiesel trend and biodiesel synthesis techniques in manufacturing facilities. The chapter also further discusses the biodiesel standards and specifications for use in Malaysia. Muhammad Najib Ikhmal Mohd Sabri et al. explained the implementation of Anaerobic Digestion (AD) technology which involves the bioconversion of bioresource to a renewable energy catalysed by various microorganisms (Chapter “Critical Appraisal of Anaerobic Digestion Processes for Biogas”). The goal of this chapter is to give a comprehensive overview of the AD system, its technical constraints, and the possibilities of AD use in power generation. The book continues with theMicrobial Fuel Cell (MFC) technology as one of the emerging technologies for biomass conversion which focuses on simultaneous wastewater treatment and power production. Huzairy Hassan et al. described the potential of the technology that seems to be the appropriate solution for these environmental challenges (Chapter “Current Status on Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Technology”). The chapter elaborates on the technology potential, current MFC situation, and themajor issues that academics and scientists are grappling with when it comes to the scalability of MFC technology. Finally, the problems that are impeding the advancement of renewable energy in Malaysia, notably bioethanol and biodiesel, are discussed by Khadijah Hanim Abdul Rahman et al. in Chapter “Renewable Energy: The Past and the Future”. Following that, some contemporary breakthroughs and technology for the developments of second, third, and fourth generations were evaluated for their potential to boost bioenergy production feasibility. The author ended the chapter by highlighting the importance of Renewable Energy (RE) empowerment in accomplishing the goals listed in Malaysia’s Sustainable Development Goals.