دانلود کتاب راهنمای آزمایشگاه آناتومی و فیزیولوژی انسان – ویرایش دوازدهم

Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Safety Guidelines

Adapted from: Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL), Fifth Edition. 2007. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C. www.cdc.gov/od/OHS/biosfty/bmbl5/bmbl5toc.htm Centers for Disease Control. 1996. “Universal Precautions for Prevention of Transmission of HIV and Other Bloodborne Infections.” Washington, D.C. www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/bp_universal_precautions.html Johnson, Ted, and Christine Case. 2010. Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology, Ninth Edition. San Francisco: Pearson Benjamin Cummings. School Chemistry Laboratory Safety Guide. 2006. U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. Bethesda, MD. www.cpsc.gov/ CPSCPUB/PUBS/NIOSH2007107.pdf 1. Upon entering the laboratory, locate exits, fire extinguisher, fire blanket, chemical shower, eyewash station, first aid kit, containers for broken glass, and materials for cleaning up spills. 2. Do not eat, drink, smoke, handle contact lenses, store food, or apply cosmetics or lip balm in the laboratory. Restrain long hair, loose clothing, and dangling jewelry. 3. Students who are pregnant, are taking immunosuppressive drugs, or have any other medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, immunological defect) that might necessitate special precautions in the laboratory must inform the instructor immediately. 4. Wearing contact lenses in the laboratory is inadvisable because they do not provide eye protection and may trap material on the surface of the eye. Soft contact lenses may absorb volatile chemicals. If possible, wear regular eyeglasses instead. 5. Use safety glasses in all experiments involving liquids, aerosols, vapors, and gases. 6. Decontaminate work surfaces at the beginning and end of every lab period, using a commercially prepared disinfectant or 10% bleach solution. After labs involving dissection of preserved material, use hot soapy water or disinfectant. 7. Keep all liquids away from the edge of the lab bench to avoid spills. Clean up spills of viable materials using disinfectant or 10% bleach solution. 8. Properly label glassware and slides. 9. Use mechanical pipetting devices; mouth pipetting is prohibited. 10. Wear disposable gloves when handling blood and other body fluids, mucous membranes, and nonintact skin, and when touching items or surfaces soiled with blood or other body fluids. Change gloves between procedures. Wash hands immediately after removing gloves. (Note: Cover open cuts or scrapes with a sterile bandage before donning gloves.) 11. Place glassware and plasticware contaminated by blood and other body fluids in a disposable autoclave bag for decontamination by autoclaving, or place them directly into a 10% bleach solution before reuse or disposal. Place disposable materials such as gloves, mouthpieces, swabs, and toothpicks that have come into contact with body fluids into a disposable autoclave bag, and decontaminate before disposal. 12. To help prevent contamination by needlestick injuries, use only disposable needles and lancets. Do not bend the needles and lancets. Needles and lancets should be placed promptly in a labeled, puncture-resistant, leakproof container and decontaminated, preferably by autoclaving. 13. Do not leave heat sources unattended. 14. Report all spills or accidents, no matter how minor, to the instructor. 15. Never work alone in the laboratory. 16. Remove protective clothing before leaving the laboratory.