دانلود کتاب راهنمای سیستم های انسان و ماشین

Human-Machine Systems (HMS) refer to integrated systems where the functions of human operators and machines are combined. These systems can be seen as a unified entity that interacts with the external environment. In an HMS, humans and machines work together, leveraging their respective capabilities to achieve specific goals or perform tasks. HMS can take various forms and exist in different domains. Examples include aircraft flight control systems, industrial automation systems, medical robotic systems, and even virtual assistants or chatbots. In these systems, humans contribute their cognitive abilities, decision-making skills, and expertise, while machines provide computational power, automation, and precision. The integration of humans and machines in HMS can be achieved through different levels of automation. It can range from fully manual systems, where humans are responsible for all tasks, to partially automated systems, where machines assist humans in specific functions, to fully autonomous systems, where machines take over the majority of tasks with minimal human intervention. The field of HMS engineering focuses on understanding, designing, and optimizing these integrated systems. It involves studying human capabilities, limitations, and interactions, as well as developing technologies and interfaces that facilitate effective collaboration between humans and machines. The goal is to create systems that enhance human performance, improve efficiency, and ensure safety and reliability in various operational contexts. Overall, HMS represents the synergy between humans and machines, harnessing the strengths of both to create powerful and efficient systems that can tackle complex tasks and challenges across different domains. This book aims to be a manifesto of HMS research and development, delineating the state-ofthe- art in the field, also by means of representative use cases, as well as future research challenges. It is organized in seven areas covering all aspects of HMS: Brain–machine interfaces and systems (BMIS), Collaborative intelligent systems and applications (CISA), Companion technology (CT), Human–AI interaction and cognitive computing & engineering (HAICCE), Human factors engineering (HFE), Interactive and wearable computing and systems (IWCS), and Hybrid Technologies (HT). Apart from the introduction chapter, the book includes 36 chapters contextualized in the aforementioned areas. The chapters 2–6 are related to BMIS and deal with BCI (Brain-Computer Interface) methods and technologies. In particular, chapter 2 provides a general background on BCIs, chapter 3 focuses on BCI-enabled affective neurofeedback, chapter 4 introduces the adaptation of BCI techniques for children living with severe physical disability, chapter 5 proposes an application of BCI for controlling drones, and chapter 6 exploits BCI to allow people with disability to remotely control robots. The chapters 7–13 refer to CISA and deal with advances on the development of scientific and engineering foundations, innovative technologies, and solutions for technology and data-driven collaborative intelligent systems. In particular, chapter 7 focuses on human–machine social systems such as human–machine teaming, chapter 8 introduces mechanisms for enabling human–robot interaction, chapter 9 explores people-driven collaborative processes enabled by human-machine units, chapter 10 reviews theoretical frameworks and recent advancements in human–machine transparency research and development, chapter 11 presents an overview of existing technology and methods for developing conversational human–machine interfaces, chapter 12 proposes an enduring strategy and methodology for complex socio-technical systems, and chapter 13 introduces a new computing paradigm of human–machine integration. The chapters 14–17 belong to CT and deal with trans-disciplinary research in fields such as computer science and artificial intelligence, cognitive science, engineering, psychology, and neurobiology. In particular, chapter 14 overviews some background aspects of CT, chapter 15 focuses on mobility assistance robots of rollator-type and reviews their platforms and functionalities, chapter 16 focuses on the innovative concept of wearable affective robots, another instance of CT, and chapter 17 reviews the state-of-the-art on visual human–computer interaction in intelligent vehicles. The chapters 18–22 focus on important topics in HAICCE and concern with human cognition in intelligent/AI system designs or/and development of AI algorithms, technology, methods for human beings. Specifically, chapter 18 addresses the problem of synchronization between human and robot actions, chapter 19 explores the new frontier of intelligent systems and their ability to enter into advanced collaboration with humans and other more or less intelligent artificial systems, chapter 20 focuses on decoding user emotional expressions as an important factor influencing interaction between humans and virtual assistants, chapter 21 reviews the intelligent computational edge, and chapter 22 addresses the important issue of implementing context awareness in autonomous vehicles. The chapters 23–28 concernHFEand focus on the advancements in theory and practice related to human interaction with intelligent agents in a wide variety of environments. In particular, chapter 23 offers a systematic review on operator assistance systems, chapter 24 reviews cognitive performance modelling approaches in the human-systems engineering area, chapter 25 addresses advanced driver assistance systems, chapter 26 focuses on RGB-D based human action recognition, chapter 27 promotes the exploitation of AI in industry, and chapter 28 presents human factors in driving. The chapters 29–33 are contextualized in IWCS and deal with advances and developments in interactive and/or wearable computing and systems. Specifically, chapter 29 presents a brief yet effective review of sensors, devices, and systems enabling wearable computing, chapter 30 concentrates on a technical use case about monitoring respiratory rate and activities using smart garments, chapter 31 highlights issues correlated with huge amounts of data generated by wearables, chapter 32 surveys the main methods and techniques for gesture-based computing, and chapter 33 reviews recent progress in EEG-based affective computing.