دانلود کتاب فن آوری های توانمند برای اصول، مفاهیم و راه حل های فاصله گذاری اجتماعی

In the presence of contagious diseases such as SARS, H1N1, and COVID-19, social distancing is an effective non-pharmaceutical approach to limit these viral diseases’ transmission. Social distancing refers to measures that minimize the disease spread by reducing the frequency and closeness of human physical contacts, such as closing public places (e.g., schools and workplaces), avoiding mass gatherings, and keeping a sufficient distance among people. If implemented properly at the early stages of a pandemic, social distancing measures can play a key role in reducing the infection rate and delay the disease’s peak, thereby reducing the burden on the healthcare systems and lowering death rates. In such a context, various technologies have recently been implemented to facilitate social distancing, ranging from supporting people to work from home to monitoring micro- (e.g., individual, the contact tracing apps using Bluetooth) and macro- (e.g., city, tracking the movement/transportation level of a city from the Google map) movement, etc. Although latest advances in emerging fields like AI, wireless networking, Big Data, and other related technologies have a great potential in facilitating social distancing, implementing them in practical scenarios of social distancing still faces various challenges. First, we need to identify and define these technology-based social distancing scenarios. Different scenarios require different levels of positioning precision, computing power, and hence different technologies (e.g., indoor or outdoor social distancing practices). Second, technologies used for social distancing may compromise or put users’ privacy at risk. For that, privacy-preserving solutions are crucial for the success of technology-based social distancing. Emerging technologies like blockchain or privacy-preserving algorithms used in localization/positioning systems, cloud computing, computer vision that have been developed in the literature can together facilitate social distancing to contain the spread of viral diseases.