دانلود کتاب تفنگ الکترونی برای ژیروترون ها

Energy crisis is a major problem at present and will remain so in the future. A continuous effort is ongoing in the microwave community/microwave devices glob-ally, to enhance the research in energy production. Microwave devices are serving the world community in almost every area, starting from the kitchen to communica-tions, space exploration to future electricity generation, and so on. Considering the future energy crisis, the microwave community has initiated a very significant and motivated international activity “International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER)” program to produce tokamak (artificial sun), with the US, Russia, the Euro-pean Union, China, Japan, South Korea, and India as global partners, based on the electricity production from fusion power. Microwave devices or tubes include trav-eling wave tubes, klystron, gyro-traveling wave tubes, gyro-klystron, magnetron, gyrotron, etc. Among them, the gyrotron is the most popular and commonly used device in the microwave tube family at high frequency because of delivering very high power at millimetre and submillimetre frequency regimes. This unique property makes the gyrotron the main device for plasma research, particularly, for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) applications, including its linkage with energy generation along with other major applications in material research, communications, spectroscopy, etc.

In a gyrotron oscillator, an annular electron beam is generated by the electron gun. This gyrating electron beam is transported to the interaction region where due to the beam–wave interaction, a fraction of electron beam power is converted into RF power. A deficient quality electron beam affects the efficiency and output power of the device. So the proper designing of the electron gun is very important from the device performance point of view.