دانلود کتاب پیامدهای توسعه اقتصادی بحران مهاجران ونزوئلا

Over the last few years, there has been a mass exodus of Venezuelans out of this once vibrant South American nation. This has been on account of a significant economic downturn, exacerbated by political uncertainty and governance challenges. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) has estimated that to date, more than 5 million persons have left Venezuela in search of better life and livelihood opportunities in other countries worldwide but dominantly in Latin American and Caribbean economies. Small Caribbean countries particularly, Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), Aruba, Curacao, Dominican Republic (DR) and Guyana, are among the host economies for these economic refugees.
In some cases, these host economies are used as transit points to even-tually move on to other economies, but for most, host economies, like those in this region, are likely to become a more permanent home for immigrants.