Music and science – particularly the scientific study of human beings – are two fields that are closely intertwined with metaphors that borrow from each other. Most immediately, musical instruments have long served as powerful analogies in understanding human physiognomy. To name but a few examples in history, Renaissance physician Robert Fludd conceptualized that the microcosm of the human body, as well as the macrocosm of the universe, can be mapped onto a huge monochord, thereby reflecting the ancient Greek notion of musica humana ( Fludd 1617 –24; Gouk 2002 ). In his Traité de l’Homme (1633), René Descartes employed a church organ as a metaphor to illuminate mechanistic human neurophysiology ([1633] 1972, 71).
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