دانلود کتاب بیومیمتیک – دیدگاه مولکولی

How one is to define “Biomimetics”? The term was likely coined by Janine Benyus in her 1997 book “Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature.” Biomimicry (from bios, meaning life, and mimesis, meaning to imitate) has been generally defined as “the examination of nature, its models, systems, processes, and elements to emulate or take inspiration from in order to solve human problems.” Solving human problems has certainly been a major driving force in this burgeoning field, especially with regards to biomedical applications and therapeutic avenues to treat disease, that have borrowed concepts, molecules, and physiological processes from nature. However, biomimetics as a distinct scientific concept has attracted the imagination of researchers well beyond the goals for producing better drugs, artificial organs, or new bio-inspired products, but rather as a foundation and inspiration for new innovative ways to design and understand Matter on a deeper level. When considering the possibilities of biomimetics to advance human knowledge and technology, one faces the enormous diversity of natural phenomena, processes, and materials – all essentially coalesce to the eons it has taken for the creation of the enormous variety of biological structures and processes around us. It is thus quite expected in light of the “impatience” of our species that progress in the field of “biomimetics” would occur much faster compared to the millions of years evolution has so far dictated the design of new and improved biological features through trial and error. Indeed, for a relatively young scientific discipline, the achievements of biomimetic sciences have been remarkable. This book aims to outline the broad current contours of biomimetics as a distinct field of research, its practical applications, and potential. It is important to emphasize that I focus here on biomimetic molecular systems, rather than the broad aspects of “macro-scale” systems such as bio-inspired water pumps, wind turbines, “green buildings”, and many others wonderful and useful concepts and systems which are beyond the scope of this book. Also, this is not a book about overall historical inspiration from the living world (not included are Icarus and Daedalus mimicking the bird’s flight). Rather, this book focuses on molecules, molecular assemblies, and molecular processes and concepts which elegantly exploit biology towards solving non-biological challenges, or implement non-biological solutions for biological and biomedical problems. Nevertheless, while I have tried to include as many aspects as possible of this extremely broad and diverse field, for practical reasons of space and scope varied topics have been excluded. I generally did not discuss pertinent and prominent disciplines that are related to biomimetics, for example the huge arsenal of pharmaceutical compounds designed to mimic biological molecules or to interfere with biological processes.