دانلود کتاب شروع Solidity – یادگیری برنامه‌نویسی قراردادهای هوشمند با Solidity

AT ITS CORE, THIS BOOK IS ABOUT LEARNING Solidity programming, specifically on the Ethereum blockchain, using the Foundry development framework. The goal is to create a resource for seasoned, aspiring, and beginning programmers to make their first steps in mastering the Solidity programming language. Foundry as a framework was selected over Hardhat and Truffle because Foundry is a straightforward framework when compared to those development frameworks. It is written in Rust, and it excels in speed, performance, and being lightweight. Additionally, when using Hardhat and Truffle, you need to be familiar with another programming language, JavaScript, to run tests and deployments. In Foundry, all this is done only through Solidity and cheat codes. The Foundry does not need any additional setup or plugins to work. Foundry comes with its own native set of tools, such as Anvil, which is Foundry’s own local Ethereum development node that helps simulate Ethereum’s blockchain environment for testing and debugging. Another tool native to Foundry is Cast, which is a tool that uses the command line to interact with the Ethereum network and allows its command to interact with the different smart contracts that have been deployed on Ethereum’s network. Additional interactions using Cast include sending transactions and retrieving blockchain data. The final component in Foundry’s arsenal of tools is called the Forge. Forge is Foundry’s smart contract development tool, which allows for smart contract compilation, testing, and deployment in Solidity without the need to use JavaScript or any other language. When planning and writing this book, my aim was to go beyond simply teaching Solidity in isolation. I wanted to ensure you will gain an understanding of the broader context, including the implications, potential, and history of this technology. To do that, I begin the book by covering topics that, while not directly focused on Solidity, are crucial for building a well-rounded understanding of Ethereum and the underlying technology. Later chapters cover specific tools and techniques you need to know to begin to master Solidity programming. The first chapter briefly discusses the history of money and how different forms of money have been perceived and used by the cultures that gave birth to each specific type of money. It provides brief overviews from barter and primitive money to today’s cryptocurrencies while giving different use case examples of Ethereum’s technology. The second chapter goes briefly through Ethereum’s architecture without doing a deep dive into it. It covers the basics of Ethereum’s architecture, how it works, and why some decisions about its architecture were taken in the way they were taken. It also explores Ethereum’s future developments to help you stay up-to-date with the state of Ethereum and with the planned future developments of the technology. The third chapter is an introduction and tutorial on installing and using MetaMask, one of the most well-known wallets in the cryptocurrency industry. It covers using Ethereum faucets to get testnet ether—a fake version of Ethereum’s cryptocurrency used for testing—and how to use block explorers to view and analyze transactions that happen on the Ethereum blockchain. This chapter also explains how developers can understand the smart contracts they interact with and interpret the information provided by block explorers. It also includes tips on avoiding being scammed by malicious parties and an overview of the different wallets currently in cryptocurrency. This chapter gives developers an understanding of the differences, advantages, and disadvantages of each type of wallet. The fourth chapter of the book introduces Remix, a native online—and now available offline as well—Ethereum integrated development environment (IDE) that developers and aspiring developers can use to quickly test their smart contracts or take their first steps in Solidity programming. Within the fourth chapter, you will build your first simple smart contract. In the fifth chapter, while still using and exploring new features the Remix IDE has to offer, you will start building more complex smart contracts, in this case, a zoo management contract that manages the animals of a small zoo as well as the number of visitors to the zoo. The sixth chapter covers installing a professional IDE called Visual Studio Code (VS Code), which existing programmers know, but aspiring Solidity programmers might not. It also covers installing the Foundry framework to VS Code itself. The seventh chapter of the book goes over the zoo management contract again, this time in a VS Code and Foundry environment. The main aim is to go through the Foundry framework and showcase its tools, how to use the Foundry tools, how to compile the contract within the framework, and how to deploy the contract both on Anvil’s local integrated blockchain that comes with Foundry and on the Ethereum blockchain. It also covers how to manage your private keys when using Foundry and working on smart contracts. The eighth chapter teaches you how to create a new smart contract. This time, instead of using Remix, you use VS Code and Foundry. The smart contract is a fundraising contract that allows someone to send money to the contract and for the owner of the contract to withdraw the money. The chapter also introduces blockchain oracles, a tool that allows blockchains to communicate data to and receive data from the real world, such as the prices of different currencies and assets. The ninth chapter explains what an ERC-20 cryptocurrency is, its characteristics, and what ERC itself stands for. It also explains how proposals to change something in Ethereum are created, what they consist of, and, finally, how you can, step-by-step, create an ERC-20 cryptocurrency on your own. The tenth chapter explains what stablecoins are, the types of stablecoins, how they work, and the mechanisms each uses to keep its price relatively stable. Finally, it explains how to create a stablecoin and a protocol step-bystep that allows the protocol user to borrow that stablecoin. In the eleventh chapter, you will learn what nonfungible tokens (NFTs) are and how to create one. The chapter also introduces the Interplanetary File System database, a way of storing files worldwide in a decentralized manner to ensure censorship resistance for the NFT collection a developer might create. The twelfth chapter explains upgradeable smart contracts—ways of upgrading and updating already developed and deployed smart contracts— and teaches you how to implement them. The thirteenth chapter explains decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) in the context of blockchain and cryptocurrencies and teaches you how to create a DAO. The fourteenth chapter discusses methods of keeping a smart contract secure, explains what a smart contract audit is, and details the process for conducting one.