دانلود کتاب هوش مصنوعی در چشم پزشکی

The chapter presents the overview of the present achievements and applications of artificial intelligence in medicine, including the possible benefits for future medicine. It also presents the increase in published scientific studies using artificial intelligence in medicine in last decade. The regulation frameworks for medical devices, including AI medical devices, in the USA and in the European Union is discussed. Moreover, the problem of access to reliable data is given with the explanation of transfer learning, generative adversarial networks, and continual machine learning. Some of the hazards, and challenges of the AI in ophthalmology are described, including privacy protection, testing AI algorithms on data sets that did not correspond real-world conditions, and its vulnerability to cybersecurity attacks. Finally, some aspects of cost-effectiveness of AI-based devices are presented.