دانلود کتاب آینده ای نانوشته – واقع گرایی و عدم قطعیت در سیاست جهانی

the purpose of this book is to elucidate an approach to the study of world politics—Classical Realism—and to demonstrate why that paradigm is a productive and valuable one, and one that is urgently needed for describing, explaining, and understanding events in world politics. Classical Realism is a minority perspective in contemporary International Relations (IR) theory. The realist community, to the extent that it exists, is overwhelmingly dominated by the influence of structuralism, that is, by an approach that models states as identical units distinguished only by their relative capabilities. Since the 1980s, this school of realist thought has become so predominant that both champions and critics of realism routinely conflate the two (realism and structural realism). Much of the larger field of IR is in the thrall of a similarly abstract bargaining model of politics, a paradigm rooted in the building blocks of individualism, materialism, and exceedingly narrow assumptions regarding the rationality of actors—a perspective so extreme (and ruinously unproductive) that it is best described as hyper-rationality. Structural realism and hyper-rationalism perform poorly when applied to the real world, due to basic errors that are hardwired into the core of their analytical apparatus. Each purports to (and boasts of) a more “scientific” approach to the study of world politics, superseding previous, allegedly less rigorous perspectives, such as classical realism.1 But structural realism and hyper-rationalism, grasping for an illusion of scientific precision evident in style but empty in substance, have failed. This book seeks to reclaim realism, and rearticulate classical realism as a worthwhile and even vital point of departure for the study of world politics.