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The chapters in this book are, for the most part, independent of each other. You should be able to delve into whatever topic interests you the most and read the chapters in any order. In Chapter 1, you will learn all about the Java stream library that brings a modern flavor to processing data, by specifying what you want without describing in detail how the result should be obtained. This allows the stream library to focus on an optimal evaluation strategy, which is particularly advantageous for executing computations in parallel with multiple cores. The topic of Chapter 2 is input and output handling (I/O). In Java, all input and output is handled through input/output streams. These streams (not to be confused with those in Chapter 1) let you deal, in a uniform manner, with communications among various sources of data, such as files, network connections, or memory blocks. We include detailed coverage of the reader and writer classes that make it easy to deal with Unicode. We show you what goes on under the hood when you use the object serialization mechanism, which makes saving and loading objects easy and convenient. We then move on to regular expressions and working with files and paths. Throughout this chapter, you will find welcome enhancements in recent Java versions. Chapter 3 covers XML. We show you how to parse XML files, how to generate XML, and how to use XSL transformations. As a useful example, we show you how to specify the layout of a Swing form in XML. We also discuss the XPath API, which makes finding needles in XML haystacks much easier. Chapter 4 covers the networking API. Java makes it phenomenally easy to do complex network programming. We show you how to make network connections to servers, how to implement your own servers, and how to make HTTP connections. This chapter includes coverage of the new HTTP client. Chapter 5 covers database programming. The focus is on JDBC, the Java database connectivity API that lets Java programs connect to relational databases. We show you how to write useful programs to handle realistic database chores, using a core subset of the JDBC API. (A complete treatment of the JDBC API would require a book almost as big as this one.) Java had two prior attempts at libraries for handling date and time. The third one was the charm in Java 8. In Chapter 6, you will learn how to deal with the complexities of calendars and time zones, using the new date and time library. Chapter 7 discusses a feature that we believe can only grow in importance: internationalization. The Java programming language is one of the few languages designed from the start to handle Unicode, but the internationalization support on the Java platform goes much further. As a result, you can internationalize Java applications so that they cross not only platforms but country boundaries as well. For example, we show you how to write a retirement calculator that uses either English, German, or Chinese languages. Chapter 8 discusses the scripting and compiler APIs that allow your program to call code in scripting languages such as JavaScript or Groovy, and to compile Java code. Chapter 9 takes up the Java security model, user authentication, and the cryptographic functions in the Java security library. You will learn about important features such as message and code signing, authorization and authentication, and encryption. We conclude with examples that use the AES and RSA encryption algorithms. Chapter 10 provides an introduction into GUI programming. I show how you can make windows, how to paint on them, how to draw with geometric shapes, how to format text in multiple fonts, and how to display images. Next, you’ll see how to write code that responds to events, such as mouse clicks or key presses. Chapter 11 discusses the Swing GUI toolkit in great detail. The Swing toolkit allows you to build cross-platform graphical user interfaces. You’ll learn all about the various kinds of buttons, text components, borders, sliders, list boxes, menus, and dialog boxes. Chapter 12 contains advanced Swing material, especially the important but complex tree and table components. We also cover the Java 2D API, which you can use to create realistic drawings and special effects. Of course, not many programmers need to program Swing user interfaces these days, so we pay particular attention to features that are useful for images that can be generated on a server. Chapter 13 takes up foreign functions, which let you call code written in other programming languages. At times, you need to turn to the operating system’s API for your target platform when you interact with a device or service that is not supported by Java. Or you may want to call a battle-tested library for machine learning or data analysis. As always, all chapters have been completely revised for the latest version of Java. Outdated material has been removed, and the new APIs up to Java 25 are covered in detail.